Newborn feeding can be overwhelming, especially when parents crave control amidst the chaos of new parenthood and the uncertainty of knowing exactly how much milk their baby is getting at the breast. Understanding your baby's needs and how they evolve can help you relax, trust your body, and let go of worrying about amounts.

The First 24 Hours: Tiny Tummies, Tiny Meals

In the first 24 hours of life, a newborn's stomach is very small, about the size of a cherry. It’s no surprise that their feeding needs are equally small. During the first day, they typically require only 2-5 ml of colostrum, the first milk, over 3 hours. It's important to note that this isn't a single feeding of 2-5 ml; it's the approximate amount they should consume over those three hours, this may be spread across multiple small feeds. This could mean several nursing sessions or small amounts of expressed colostrum given via syringe or spoon. By the end of the first 24 hours, their intake will gradually increase, reaching approximately 10 ml over each three-hour period.

The difference between over and every 3 hours

It is crucial to understand that the "over 3 hours" guideline is not synonymous with "every 3 hours." This timeframe represents the total volume of milk your baby should consume within a three-hour window, not a rigid schedule of feedings. Newborns often feed on demand, which can mean clusters of short feeds followed by longer stretches. Expect variability; your baby might nurse several times close together and then sleep. This flexible approach aligns with a newborn's natural feeding patterns and allows them to regulate their intake according to their individual needs and cues rather than adhering to a strict, artificial schedule.

Frequency Matters: The Importance of Frequent Feeds

Newborns require frequent feedings, typically a minimum of 8-12 times per day, with an average of 11-16 feeds. These frequent feeds are essential for stimulating milk production and ensuring your baby receives the necessary nutrients. It’s normal for your baby to feed often. To make sure your baby is getting enough milk, all you need to do is make sure they have at least eight feeds, are outputting at least two dirty and four wet diapers every 24 hours, and are gaining weight appropriately. 

Gradual Increase: Adding 10 ml per Day

As your baby grows, their milk intake will increase daily. A simple rule of thumb is to add 10 ml to their three-hour intake for each day of life. So, on the second day, they'll need approximately 20 ml over three hours, on the third day, 30 ml, and so on. This gradual increase helps their digestive system adapt and ensures they receive adequate nourishment.

Reaching the Average: 90 ml (3 Ounces) Over Three Hours

Eventually, your baby will reach an average intake of about 90 ml (or 3 ounces) over three hours. This is a general guideline, and some babies may require slightly more or less. It's important to pay attention to your baby's cues and consult with your pediatrician or a lactation consultant if you have any concerns.

Breastfed Babies May Be Snackers: Understanding Bottle Feeding Patterns

Breastfed babies who are given bottles may sometimes exhibit "snacking" behavior. This is often because the average letdown during breastfeeding is about one ounce. When they receive a bottle, they might consume an ounce and then want to stop eating and perhaps resume later, mimicking the natural flow of breast milk. This is perfectly normal and doesn't necessarily mean they are not getting enough.

The Changing Composition of Breast Milk: Nutrient Density

Unlike formula, which remains consistent in its composition, breast milk changes to meet your baby's evolving needs. As your baby grows, breast milk becomes more nutrient-dense, providing the necessary calories and nutrients in smaller volumes. This means that your baby doesn't need to consume increasingly larger amounts of milk as they get older, as they would with formula.

Trusting Your Baby's Cues: Signs of Adequate Intake

Ultimately, the best way to determine if your baby is getting enough breast milk is to observe their cues. Look for signs of adequate intake, such as frequent wet and dirty diapers, healthy weight gain, and contentment after feedings. If you are worried about your baby's intake, always consult with your pediatrician or a lactation consultant. They can provide personalized guidance and support.